Niacinamide (Vitamin B3):  Has soothing properties, assists in maintaining moisturisation, strengthens skin barrier, and stimulates collagen production.

Folic Acid (Vitamin B9): Assist healthy skin cell replenishment and repair, prevents/restores DNA damage, general anti-ageing and photo-ageing activity.

Vitamin C: Stimulates collagen growth, increases elastin production and moisturises the skin providing its anti-ageing activity. It additionally, reduces melanin synthesis, lightening and brightening the skin.

Vitamin E: Has antioxidant activity, protecting skin cells from UV and environmental damage, reducing the visible signs ageing.  Its hydrating effects can help reduce the appearance of wrinkles.